Model reference · open weights
AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5 is an open-weight language model from ByteDance. AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5-Instruct-3B (BF16) weighs 24 MB; the smallest configuration that runs it is RTX 3060 12 GB.
Summary of the ByteDance-Seed/AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5-Instruct-3B model card, 2026-10-01
What it is
| Released by | ByteDance |
|---|---|
| Released | 2025-10-08 |
| Parameters | 12M |
| VRAM | 24 MB for the weights |
What it runs on
| Card | Requests at once | Context max | Memory | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8K each | 32K each | |||
| RTX 3060 12 GB | 36 | 9 | all 32K | 11.6 GB |
| RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB | 48 | 12 | all 32K | 15.4 GB |
| RTX 3090 24 GB | 75 | 18 | all 32K | 23.4 GB |
| RTX 4090 24 GB | 74 | 18 | all 32K | 23.4 GB |
| RTX 5090 32 GB | 100 | 25 | all 32K | 31.0 GB |
| L40S 48 GB | 143 | 35 | all 32K | 44.0 GB |
| A100 80 GB | 256 | 64 | all 32K | 78.2 GB |
| H100 80 GB | 242 | 60 | all 32K | 78.1 GB |
| RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell 96 GB | 294 | 73 | all 32K | 93.8 GB |
| DGX Spark (GB10) 128 GB unified | 339 | 84 | all 32K | 107 GB |
| H200 141 GB | 440 | 110 | all 32K | 138 GB |
| B200 180 GB | 565 | 141 | all 32K | 176 GB |
| Requests at once | 8K tokens each | 32K tokens each |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.0 GB | 1.9 GB |
| 5 | 2.2 GB | 6.8 GB |
| 8 | 3.1 GB | 10.4 GB |
| 16 | 5.6 GB | 20.1 GB |
| 32 | 10.4 GB | 39.4 GB |
| 64 | 20.1 GB | 78.0 GB |
One card, with vLLM's small-card settings.
Builds
| Build | Params | Precision | Weights | Smallest setup |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5-Instruct-3B (above) ↗ | 12M | BF16 | 24 MB | RTX 3060 12 GB |
| AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5-Instruct-14B ↗ | 51M | BF16 | 103 MB | RTX 3060 12 GB |
| AHN-Mamba2-for-Qwen-2.5-Instruct-7B ↗ | 19M | BF16 | 37 MB | RTX 3060 12 GB |
From the model card
Artificial Hippocampus Networks (AHNs) transform lossless memory into fixed-size compressed representations for long-context modeling. Lossless memory (e.g., attention’s key-value (KV) cache) stores exact input information but grows with sequence length, making it inefficient for long sequences. In contrast, compressed memory (e.g., RNNs’ hidden state) maintains a constant size and offers fixed computational costs per input token, but this comes at the cost of information loss. To harness the benefits of both memory types, AHNs continually convert lossless memory outside the sliding attention window into compressed form. AHNs can be instantiated with any RNN-like architectures. The model then integrates both memory types to make predictions across long contexts.
This repository hosts the model weights for AHN. For installation, usage instructions, and further documentation, please visit our GitHub repository.
(a) Illustration of the model augmented with Artificial Hippocampus Networks (AHNs). In this example, the sliding window length is 3. When the input sequence length is less than or equal to the window length, the model operates identically to a standard Transformer. For longer sequences, AHNs continually compress the token outside the window into a compact memory representation. The model then utilizes both the lossless information within window, and the compressed memory to generate the next token. (b) Self-distillation training framework of AHNs based on an open-weight LLM. During training, the base LLM's weights are frozen, and only the AHNs' parameters are trained.
| base model | AHN module | #params | checkpoint (AHN only) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct | Mamba2 | 11.9M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct | DeltaNet | 11.8M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct | GatedDeltaNet | 13.0M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct | Mamba2 | 18.6M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct | DeltaNet | 18.5M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct | GatedDeltaNet | 21.3M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct | Mamba2 | 51.4M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct | DeltaNet | 51.1M | 🤗model |
| Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct | GatedDeltaNet | 61.0M | 🤗model |
BibTeX:
@article{fang2025artificial,
title={Artificial hippocampus networks for efficient long-context modeling},
author={Fang, Yunhao and Yu, Weihao and Zhong, Shu and Ye, Qinghao and Xiong, Xuehan and Wei, Lai},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.07318},
year={2025}
}
Quoted from the model card on Hugging Face. The full card is behind the Hugging Face link above.