Model reference · open weights

gpt_bigcode-santacoder

LLMs bigcode Text gen 1 build Open weights 39k dl/mo

gpt_bigcode-santacoder is an open-weight language model from bigcode. gpt_bigcode-santacoder (FP16) weighs 2.2 GB; the smallest configuration that runs it is RTX 3060 12 GB.

  • gpt_bigcode-santacoder is a 1.1B parameter text-generation model developed by bigcode for code completion in Python, Java, and JavaScript.
  • It uses a GPT-2 architecture with multi-query attention and a Fill-in-the-Middle objective, supporting a context length of 2048 tokens.
  • The model is distributed under the CodeML Open RAIL-M v0.1 license.

Summary of the bigcode/gpt_bigcode-santacoder model card, 2026-10-01

What it is

Released bybigcode
Released2023-04-06
Parameters1.1B
VRAM2.2 GB for the weights

What it runs on

Memory and cards for gpt_bigcode-santacoder (FP16)

2.2 GBweights, file size
12 MBcache per 1K tokens
581 MBruntime overhead, at least
2,048 tokenscontext max
CardRequests at onceContext maxMemory
2K each
RTX 3060 12 GB349all 2K11.6 GB
RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB499all 2K15.4 GB
RTX 3090 24 GB817all 2K23.4 GB
RTX 4090 24 GB815all 2K23.4 GB
RTX 5090 32 GB1000+all 2K31.0 GB
L40S 48 GB1000+all 2K44.0 GB
A100 80 GB1000+all 2K78.2 GB
H100 80 GB1000+all 2K78.1 GB
RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell 96 GB1000+all 2K93.8 GB
DGX Spark (GB10) 128 GB unified1000+all 2K107 GB
H200 141 GB1000+all 2K138 GB
B200 180 GB1000+all 2K176 GB
Memory needed at each load
Requests at once2K tokens each
12.9 GB
53.0 GB
83.0 GB
163.2 GB
323.6 GB
644.4 GB

One card, with vLLM's small-card settings.

From the model card

What bigcode says about gpt_bigcode-santacoder

Read the model card

Play with the model on the SantaCoder Space Demo.

Table of Contents

  1. Model Summary
  2. Use
  3. Limitations
  4. Training
  5. License
  6. Citation

Model Summary

This is the same model as SantaCoder but it can be loaded with transformers >=4.28.1 to use the GPTBigCode architecture. We refer the reader to the SantaCoder model page for full documentation about this model

There are two versions (branches) of the model:

  • main: Uses the gpt_bigcode model. Requires the bigcode fork of transformers.
  • main_custom: Packaged with its modeling code. Requires transformers>=4.27. Alternatively, it can run on older versions by setting the configuration parameter activation_function = "gelu_pytorch_tanh".

Use

Intended use

The model was trained on GitHub code. As such it is not an instruction model and commands like "Write a function that computes the square root." do not work well. You should phrase commands like they occur in source code such as comments (e.g. # the following function computes the sqrt) or write a function signature and docstring and let the model complete the function body.

Attribution & Other Requirements

The pretraining dataset of the model was filtered for permissive licenses only. Nevertheless, the model can generate source code verbatim from the dataset. The code's license might require attribution and/or other specific requirements that must be respected. We provide a search index that let's you search through the pretraining data to identify where generated code came from and apply the proper attribution to your code.

Limitations

The model has been trained on source code in Python, Java, and JavaScript. The predominant language in source is English although other languages are also present. As such the model is capable to generate code snippets provided some context but the generated code is not guaranteed to work as intended. It can be inefficient, contain bugs or exploits.

Training

Model

  • Architecture: GPT-2 model with multi-query attention and Fill-in-the-Middle objective
  • Pretraining steps: 600K
  • Pretraining tokens: 236 billion
  • Precision: float16

Hardware

  • GPUs: 96 Tesla V100
  • Training time: 6.2 days
  • Total FLOPS: 2.1 x 10e21

Software

License

The model is licenses under the CodeML Open RAIL-M v0.1 license. You can find the full license here.

Quoted from the model card on Hugging Face. The full card is behind the Hugging Face link above.

Benchmarks

Reported results

As published on the model card: the maker's own numbers, not measured by AxForge.

TaskDatasetMetricScore
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Python)pass@10.180
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Python)pass@100.290
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Python)pass@1000.490
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Python)pass@10.350
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Python)pass@100.580
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Python)pass@1000.770
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (JavaScript)pass@10.160
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (JavaScript)pass@100.270
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (JavaScript)pass@1000.470
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Javascript)pass@10.280
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Javascript)pass@100.510
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Javascript)pass@1000.700
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Java)pass@10.150
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Java)pass@100.260
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval (Java)pass@1000.410
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Java)pass@10.280
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Java)pass@100.440
text-generationMultiPL MBPP (Java)pass@1000.590
text-generationHumanEval FIM (Python)single_line0.440
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval FIM (Java)single_line0.620
text-generationMultiPL HumanEval FIM (JavaScript)single_line0.600
text-generationCodeXGLUE code-to-text (Python)BLEU18.130
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