Model reference · open weights

SOLAR-0

LLMs upstage Text gen 2 builds Licence not stated 22k dl/mo

SOLAR-0 is an open-weight language model from upstage. SOLAR-0-70b-8bit (INT8) weighs 69.5 GB; the smallest configuration that runs it is H100 80 GB.

  • SOLAR-0 is a 70 billion parameter text-generation model developed by Upstage as a fine-tune of Llama 2.
  • It supports English and operates with a context length of 4096 tokens.
  • The model is licensed under the Non-Commercial Creative Commons CC BY-NC-4.0 license.

Summary of the upstage/SOLAR-0-70b-16bit model card, 2026-10-01. The estimate below is for another build of the family.

What it is

Released byupstage
Released2023-07-30
VRAM69.5 GB for the weights

What it runs on

Memory and cards for SOLAR-0-70b-8bit (INT8)

69.5 GBweights, file size
328 MBcache per 1K tokens
831 MBruntime overhead, at least
4,096 tokenscontext max
CardRequests at onceContext maxMemory
4K each
RTX 3060 12 GB … L40S 48 GB
6 smaller cards
——
A100 80 GB5all 4K78.2 GB
H100 80 GB3all 4K78.1 GB
RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell 96 GB14all 4K93.8 GB
DGX Spark (GB10) 128 GB unified24all 4K107 GB
H200 141 GB47all 4K138 GB
B200 180 GB75all 4K176 GB
2× L40S 48 GB
tensor parallel
12all 4K44.0 GB a card
4× RTX 4090 24 GB
tensor parallel
15all 4K23.4 GB a card
4× RTX 3090 24 GB
tensor parallel
15all 4K23.4 GB a card
4× RTX 5090 32 GB
tensor parallel
38all 4K31.0 GB a card
2× H100 80 GB
tensor parallel
58all 4K78.1 GB a card
2× A100 80 GB
tensor parallel
63all 4K78.2 GB a card
Memory needed at each load
Requests at once4K tokens each
171.7 GB
577.1 GB
881.1 GB
1691.8 GB
32113 GB
64156 GB

One card, with vLLM's small-card settings.

Builds

Sizes, precisions & builds

BuildParamsPrecisionWeightsSmallest setup
SOLAR-0-70b-16bit ↗ —BF16 138 GB2× A100 80 GB
SOLAR-0-70b-8bit (above) ↗ —INT8 69.5 GBH100 80 GB

From the model card

What upstage says about SOLAR-0

Read the model card

Solar, a new bot created by Upstage, is now available on Poe. As a top-ranked model on the HuggingFace Open LLM leaderboard, and a fine tune of Llama 2, Solar is a great example of the progress enabled by open source. Try now at https://poe.com/Solar-0-70b

SOLAR-0-70b-16bit model card

The model name has been changed from LLaMa-2-70b-instruct-v2 to SOLAR-0-70b-16bit

Model Details

Dataset Details

Used Datasets

  • Orca-style dataset
  • Alpaca-style dataset
  • No other dataset was used except for the dataset mentioned above
  • No benchmark test set or the training set are used

Prompt Template

### System:
{System}

### User:
{User}

### Assistant:
{Assistant}

Usage

  • The followings are tested on A100 80GB
  • Our model can handle up to 10k+ input tokens, thanks to the rope_scaling option
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, TextStreamer

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("upstage/Llama-2-70b-instruct-v2")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    "upstage/Llama-2-70b-instruct-v2",
    device_map="auto",
    torch_dtype=torch.float16,
    load_in_8bit=True,
    rope_scaling={"type": "dynamic", "factor": 2} # allows handling of longer inputs
)

prompt = "### User:\nThomas is healthy, but he has to go to the hospital. What could be the reasons?\n\n### Assistant:\n"
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
del inputs["token_type_ids"]
streamer = TextStreamer(tokenizer, skip_prompt=True, skip_special_tokens=True)

output = model.generate(**inputs, streamer=streamer, use_cache=True, max_new_tokens=float('inf'))
output_text = tokenizer.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True)

Hardware and Software

Evaluation Results

Overview

Main Results

ModelH4(Avg)ARCHellaSwagMMLUTruthfulQAMT_Bench
Llama-2-70b-instruct-v2(Ours, Open LLM Leaderboard)7371.187.970.662.27.44063
Llama-2-70b-instruct (Ours, Open LLM Leaderboard)72.370.987.569.8617.24375
llama-65b-instruct (Ours, Open LLM Leaderboard)69.467.686.564.958.8
Llama-2-70b-hf67.367.387.369.844.9
llama-30b-instruct-2048 (Ours, Open LLM Leaderboard)67.064.984.961.956.3
llama-30b-instruct (Ours, Open LLM Leaderboard)65.262.586.259.452.8
llama-65b64.263.586.163.943.4
falcon-40b-instruct63.461.684.355.452.5

Scripts for H4 Score Reproduction

  • Prepare evaluation environments:
# clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/EleutherAI/lm-evaluation-harness.git
# check out the specific commit
git checkout b281b0921b636bc36ad05c0b0b0763bd6dd43463
# change to the repository directory
cd lm-evaluation-harness

Contact Us

About Upstage

  • Upstage is a company specialized in Large Language Models (LLMs) and AI. We will help you build private LLMs and related applications. If you have a dataset to build domain specific LLMs or make LLM applications, please contact us at ► click here to contact
  • As of August 1st, our 70B model has reached the top spot in openLLM rankings, marking itself as the current leading performer globally.

Quoted from the model card on Hugging Face. The full card is behind the Hugging Face link above.

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