Model reference · open weights

KRONOS2

KRONOS2 is an open-weight embedding model from MahmoodLab. KRONOS2 (BF16) weighs 440 MB; the smallest configuration that runs it is RTX 3060 12 GB.

• KRONOS2 is a marker-aware vision foundation model developed by MahmoodLab for extracting features from multiplex immunofluorescence spatial proteomics images.
• It utilizes a DINOv2 ViT-B/16 architecture to generate 768-dimensional embeddings from 256 by 256 pixel patches, supporting a pretraining vocabulary of 268 markers.
• The model is released under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, restricting its use to non-commercial academic research, and requires gated access via an institutional email address.

Summary of the MahmoodLab/KRONOS2 model card, 2026-10-01

Hugging Face ↗Paper ↗